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The famous mathematician and astronomer Aryabhatta discovered
the cause of solar and lunar eclipses. The circumference of the Earth
that he measured is considered to be correct even now. He pointed
out that the Sun is stationary and the Earth rotates. He wrote a
book called Aryabhatiyam in which he wrote his astronomical and
mathematical theories.
Aryabhatta In Medicine, Indian physicians could diagnose diseases and prescribe
medicines for their cure. The two famous physicians of ancient India were Sushruta and
Charaka. Sushruta had written about surgery. Charaka in his book ‘Charaka Samhita’ has
described various kinds of diseases including leprosy and tuberculosis. His book contains
the names of a large number of plants and herbs to be used as medicines.
Now I Know :
The cultural heritage of India is unique, spread over a vast geographical area.
Stupas were raised all over India by Ashoka in honour of Buddha.
Ancient India excelled in art and architecture too. The Ajanta and Ellora caves, the stupas, the Pallava and Cha-
lukya temples contributed a lot of Indian culture and heritage.
The most important feature of the temple was the garbhagriha, a room where the image of the chief deity was
placed and priests would perform religious rituals, and devotees offer worship to the deity.
Our literary tradition is very rich and old in the form of religious and literature.
In the Knowledge of science, mathematics and medicine, India was at the top. Physicians like Sushruta, Charaka,
Mathematician and astronomers like Aryabhatta are world famous even today.
(Assessment of Learning Outcome)
A. Tick () the correct option :
1. Who was the author of the Ramayan?
(a) Sattanar (b) Valmiki (c) Vyas (d) Kalidasa
2. In which language did Kalidasa write his plays and dramas?
(a) Prakrit (b) Pali (c) Sanskrit (d) Tamil
3. Whose name is inscribed on the Iron pillar at Mehrauli?
(a) Samudragupta (b) Chandra of Gupta dynasty
(c) Ashoka (d) None of these
4. The Puranas were written in:
(a) Hindi (b) Sanskrit (c) Tamil (d) None of these
5. Who was the author of the Mahabharata?
(a) Valmiki (b) Kalidasa (c) Vyasa (d) Sattanar
B. Fill in the blanks :
1. The _____________________ was a room where the image of the chief deity was placed.
74 Social Studies-6
