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		var questions = [{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Insectivorous plants have developed special structures to catch insects."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["_____________ plants have developed special structures to catch insects."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["All non-green plants and animals show heterotrophic nutrition."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Plants prepare their food through the process of photosynthesis."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Carbon-dioxide is not necessary for photosynthesis."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"True and False","answer":["fasle"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["All animals including humus are autotrophs."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Sharing shelter and nutrients by two different plants is called Symbiotic Association."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Green plants make food by the process of photosynthesis. During this process, the green plants convert simple inorganic substances like CO2 and H2O into glucose, in the presence of sunlight. Light energy from sunlight is captured by the ch lorophyll molecules (green pigments) present in green plants and transformed into chemical energy in their form of food (starch)."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short anwer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["How do green plants make food?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Organisms which make or synthesise their own food from simple raw mate- rials are called autotrophs. As they can prepare their food from raw inorgan- ic materials (carbon dioxide and water), they are also known as producers. Organisms that are not capable of synthesizing their food, and are depend- ent on other organisms for their food requirement are called heterotrophs. As these organisms depend on others for food (plants and animals) they are also called consumers."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short anwer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Differentiate between autotrophs and heterotrophs."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Only leaves can sysnthesise food because they contain a green coloured pigment called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll can convert solar energy into chem- ical energy in the form of starch (food)."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short anwer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What is special about the leaves that they can synthesis food but other parts of a plant cannot?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Organisms need to take food to provide nutrients to their body cells so that they can carry out activities to keep themselves active. Autorophic nutritio and heterotrophic nutrition are two modes of nutrition in organisms."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short anwer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Why do organisms need to take food? What are the two main modes of nutrition in organisms?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Plant parasites are those plants which live on othe living organisms and obtain their food from them. Cascuta or dodder plant is a common plant parasite."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short anwer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What are plant parasites?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option d"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Plants take Carbon-dioxide from the atmosphere mainly through their :<br>\t a. Roots<br>\t b. Stems<br>\t c. Flowers<br>\t d. Leaves"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option c"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["When dilute iodine solution is poured over a decolourised green leaf a blue-black colour is produced. This shows that the green leaf contains :<br>\t a. Glucose<br>\t b. Cellulose<br>\t c. Starch<br>\t d. Sucrose"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option b"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["One of the following is an autotroph. This one is :<br>\t a. Alligator<br>\t b. Algae<br>\t c. Antelope<br>\t d. Ant"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option a"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Which of the following show symbosis?<br>\t a. Alga and fungus<br>\t b. Alga and fish<br>\t c. Ahizobium and peaplant<br>\t d. Rhizobiam and money plant"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["All green plants convert solar energy into chemical energy."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["All green plants convert _____________ energy into _____________ energy."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Autorophs are also also known as producers."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["_____________ are also known as producers."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Photosynthesis always occurs in the presence of sunlight."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Photosynthesis always occurs in the presence of _____________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Plants","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["A common plant parasite is cuscuta or dodder plant."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["A common plant parasite is _____________ or _____________ plant."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Animals","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option c"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The process of taking in food by an animal and its utilisation in the body is called :<br>\t a. Ingestion<br>\t b. Digestion<br>\t c. Nutrition<br>\t d. Egestion"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Animals","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option b"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The site of complete digestion and absorption of food in the human digestive system is :<br>\t a. Stomach<br>\t b. Small intestine<br>\t c. Large intestine<br>\t d. Salivary glands"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Animals","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option d"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Water from the undigested food is absorbed mainly in the :<br>\t a. Stomach<br>\t b. Food pipe<br>\t c. Small intestine<br>\t d. Large intestine"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Animals","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option c"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Amoeba catches food particles from the surrounding water by using its :<br>\t a. Food vacuole<br>\t b. Tentacles<br>\t c. Pseudopodia<br>\t d. Cilia"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Animals","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Organisms take whole solid food or liquid substances in holozoic nutrition."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Organisms take whole solid food or liquid substances in ___________ nutrition."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Animals","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Buttterfly suck the nectar from flowers through their proboscis."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ suck the nectar from flowers through their proboscis."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Animals","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Oesophagus is a hollow tube made up of muscles."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Oesophagus is a ___________ tube made up of muscles."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Animals","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["A ruminant is an even toed animal."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["A ___________ is an even toed animal."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Animals","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Teeth are used to chew food."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ are used to chew food."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Animals","type":"Match the following","answer":["17117815982.png",""],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Match the following :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":[""],"image":"17117815981.png"}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Animals","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Alimentary canal is a long tube running from mouth to anus of a human be- ing (or other animals) in which digestion and absorption of food takes place. Alimentary canal is also known as gut or digestive tract. It is about 8 to 9 meters long in humans. The alimentary canal is a continuous canal which has many parts such as month (buccal cavity), oesophagus (food pipe), stomach, small intestine, large intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus. Three glands are also associated with alimentary canal. There are glands, liver and pan- creas."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short Answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Define alimentary canal. Name the various parts of alimentary canal."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Animals","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["State the action of saliva on food."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short Answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["State the action of saliva on food."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Animals","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Nectar is the food of butterfly. It suck the nectar through its proboscis."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short Answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What is the food of a butterfly? How does butterfly get its food?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Animals","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Villi are finger-like projections on the inner wall of the small intestine. These villi increase the the surface area of absorption. Villi contain blood vessels. The digested food passes through the thin walls of these blood vessels ad enters the blood stream."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short Answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What are villi? Where are villi located? What is the function of villi?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Nutrition in Animals","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["There are many other organisms in the water, which are smaller than Amoe- ba. Amoeba feeds on these animals. When a small organism comes close to an Amoeba, it puts out pseudopodia around the organism and joins up the cavity. The prey becomes trapped in the cavity called food vacuole. The undigested food is egested out of the body from any part of the surface of its body."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short Answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Villi are finger-like projections on the inner wall of the small intestine. These villi increase the the surface area of absorption. Villi contain blood vessels. The digested food passes through the thin walls of these blood vessels ad enters the blood stream."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Heat","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option d"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Clinical thermometer can be used to measure the temperature of :<br>\t a. Boiling water<br>\t b. Day<br>\t c. Cities<br>\t d. Human body"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Heat","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option a"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The method of heat transfer in a steel rod is by :<br>\t a. Conduction<br>\t b. Convection<br>\t c. Radiation<br>\t d. None of these"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Heat","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option c"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Convection takes place in :<br>\t a. Liquids<br>\t b. Gases<br>\t c. Both liquids and gases <br>\t d. Neither liquids nor gases"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Heat","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option b"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The fastest mode of heat transfer is :<br>\t a. Conduction<br>\t b. Radiation<br>\t c. Convection<br>\t d. None of these"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Heat","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Sun is the primary source of heat energy on Earth."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ is the primary source of heat energy on Earth."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Heat","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["The measure of heat energy level in a body is called temperature."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The measure of heat energy level in a body is called ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Heat","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["The thermometer should always be held vertical."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The thermometer should always be held ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Heat","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Silver and copper are the best conductors of heat."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ and ___________ are the best conductors of heat."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Heat","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["The heat which comes out of the hot object is called radiant heat."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The heat which comes out of the hot object is called ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Heat","type":"Match the following","answer":["17117824442.png",""],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Match the following :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":[""],"image":"17117824441.png"}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Heat","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Heat is a form of energy which produces the sensation of hotness. It makes a body hotter than it was. This measure of heat energy level in a body is called temperature. The hotter the substance is, the higher is its temperature."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What is the difference between heat and temperature?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Heat","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Digital thermometers are preferred to mercury thermometer because they do not use mercury. Mercury is a toxic metal and there is a problem of dis- posal in case the thermometer breaks."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Why are digital thermometers preferred to mercury thermometer?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Heat","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Precautions to be taken while using a laboratory thermometer are as fol- lows: While using a laboratory thermometer, the following precautions need to be followed: \u00e2\u20ac\u00a2 The thermometer should be held vertical. \u00e2\u20ac\u00a2 The bulb of the thermometer should be completely surrounded from - all sides by the substance whose temperature is to be measured. \u00e2\u20ac\u00a2 The bulb should not touch the bottom or the sides of the beaker. \u00e2\u20ac\u00a2 The reading should be taken without removing the thermometer from the substance. \u00e2\u20ac\u00a2 They eye should be kept at the level of mercury thread."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What precautions should we take while using a laboratory themometer?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Heat","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Solids conduct heat better than liquids and liquids conduct heat better than gases. This is so because the molecules solids are in closer contact with each other as compared to liquids. The molecules of liquids similarly are closer to each other as compared to gases."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Why do solids conduct heat better than liquids and gases?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Heat","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Convection currents in the atmosphere bring about weather changes. The hot air over the land rises. This is replaced by cooler and denser air above water in the sea. This result in sea breeze. At night the reverse process occurs. Land cools faster than sea. Warmer air above sea rises faster than the air above land. Cooler air from the shore re- places this. This results in the land breeze."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["State the difference between land breeze and sea breeze."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option d"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["An atom usually joins other atoms to make a :<br>\t a. Molecule<br>\t b. Compound<br>\t c. Base<br>\t d. Salt"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option a"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["One of the following is not an organic acid. This is :<br>\t a. Acetic acid <br>\t b. Formic acid<br>\t c. Carbonic acid<br>\t d. Citric acid"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option c"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The acid produced naturally in our stomach is :<br>\t a. Acetic acid<br>\t b. Hydrochloric acid<br>\t c. Citric acid<br>\t d. Sulphuric acid"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option b"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["A yellow stain of turmeric constraining curry on a white shirt turns red when soap solution is scrubbed on it. This shows that soap solution is :<br>\t a. Acidic<br>\t b. Neutral<br>\t c. Sour<br>\t d. Basic"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Elements are considered to be pure substances,"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ are considered to be pure substances."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["The acids classified as organic and mineral acids on the basis of source."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The acids are classified as ___________ and ___________ acids on the basis of source."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Strong bases are the bases which are soluble in water."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ are the bases which are soluble in water."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Phenolphthalein and methyl orange are the two most common synthetic indicators."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ and ___________ are the two most common synthetic indicators."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Slats have high melting and boiling points."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Salts have high ___________ and ___________ points."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"True and False","answer":["False"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["An atom always exists independently."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Salts exhibit the characteristics of neither bases nor acids."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Nitric acid is used in the manufacture of explosives, plastics and fertilizers."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Neutral solutions do not change the colour of either red or blue litmus."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"True and False","answer":["True"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Baking soda is used to neutralise the excess acid in the stomach."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Two characteristics of bases are as follows: (a) Bases have a bitter taste. (b) They have a soapy touch."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Write two characteristics of bases."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Phenolphthalein and methl orange."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Name two synthetic acid-base indicators."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Neutralisation reaction is a reaction between on acid and a base to from salt and water. For example, hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide react to from sodium chloride salt and water."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What is meant by neutralisation reaction? Give one example."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Antacids are tablets or gel that we take to have relief from acidity. They contain aluminium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide. For example, milk of magnesia and baking soda."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What are antacids? Name two of its main components."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Acids, Bases and Salts","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Basic soil can be treated by using organic matter\/manure."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["How is the basic soil treated?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option b"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["In solids :<br>\t a. Attraction between molecules is strong and they vibrate by changing their position.<br>\t b. Attraction between molecules is strong and they vibrate about fixed position.<br>\t c. Attraction between molecules is weak and they does not vibrate strongly.<br>\t d. Attraction between molecules is weak and they vibrate strongly. "],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option b"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Exothermic reactions :<br>\t a. Absorb heat<br>\t b. Give out heat<br>\t c. Depends on the room temperature<br>\t d. None of these"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option d"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Rusting :<br>\t a. Is a chemical change<br>\t b. Is more common in coastal areas<br>\t c. Involves the formation of iron sulphate<br>\t d. Both a and b"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option c"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["In making of alloys :<br>\t a. More than two metals are mixed<br>\t b. Only two metals are mixed<br>\t c. Two or more meatals are mixed in a fixed ratio<br>\t d. None of these"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Matter is made up of atoms and molecules."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Matter is made up of ___________ and ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Physical change is generally reversible."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["__________ change is generally reversible."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Exothermic reactions take place with evolution of heat energy."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ reactions take place with evolution of heat energy."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["The chemical reaction in which an element replaces another element in a compound is called displacement reaction."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The chemical reaction in which an element replaces another element in a compound is called ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["During melting, a solid is dissolved in water."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["During ___________, a solid is dissolved in water."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["All matter at all times undergo changes, leading to creation and destruction of matter."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["During a physical change a very small amount of energy is either absorbed or evolved."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Photosynthesis in plants is an example of endothermic reactions."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Burning of magnesium ribbons in presence of oxygen is an example of precipitation reaction."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Rusting needs to be encouraged."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Matter is anything that occupies space and has weight (as against energy like light or electricity which does not occupy space)."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What is matter?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["(a) Sublimation: Process in which substances can be converted from solid state to gaseous or vapour state without going in to the liquid state. These substances again condense to become solid on cooling. Naphtha- lene is an example. (b) Melting: When a substance changes its state from solid to liquid it is said to melt. Melting point is a particular temperature when this happens, the solid and the liquid states of the substance are at an equilibrium, at this temperature. (c) Freezing: When as substance changes its state from liquid to solid state. Freezing point is a particular temperature and may or may not be the same as melting point. (d) Boiling: It is state for a liquid when the maximum vapour pressure of the liquid is equal to external pressure that the liquid is under. For a sub- stance it is a constant temperature."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Define : a. sublimation b. melting c. freezing d. boiling"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Characteristics of physical change are as follows: \u00e2\u20ac\u00a2 Only physical properties of a substance undergo change. \u00e2\u20ac\u00a2 Physical changes are generally reversible. + No new substance is formed. \u00e2\u20ac\u00a2 A very small amount of energy is either absorbed or evolved during a physical change."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["State the characteristic of a physical change."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Exothermic reactions: Some reactions takes place with evolution of heat energy. Such reactions are known as exothermic reactions. Example: Burning of coal. Endothermic reactions: Some reactions take place with absorption of heat energy. Such reactions are known as endothermic reactions. Example: Photosynthesis in plants (Heat energy is used)."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Differentiate between exothermic reactions and endothermic reactions."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["(i) Decomposition reaction (iii) Combination reaction (v) Displacement reaction (ii) Displacement reaction (iv) Precipitation reaction"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":[""],"image":"17117844111.png"}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Physical and Chemical Changes","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Galvanisation is a process in which we deposit a layer of metal like chromium or zinc iron surface. Both chromium and zinc are corrosion free metals. In this way rusting is prevented."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["How can we prevent rusting by galvanization?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option c"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The end product of respiration is :<br>\t a. Carbon dioxide<br>\t b. Water<br>\t c. Both carbon dioxide and water<br>\t d. None of these"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option a"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["During inhalation the ribs move :<br>\t a. Upwards<br>\t b. Downwards<br>\t c. Outwards<br>\t d. Do not move"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option d"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The number of ATP molecules produced during anaerobic respirations :<br>\t a. 20 molecules<br>\t b. 30 molecules<br>\t c. 38 molecules<br>\t d. 2 molecules"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option c"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The small air holes on the body surface of cockroaches is called :<br>\t a. Tracheoles<br>\t b. Gills<br>\t c. Trachea<br>\t d. Spiracles"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Respiration involves the taking in oxygen."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ involves the taking in oxygen."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Aerobic respiration occurs in the presenec of ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Breathing involves the movement of the diaphragm and the rib cage."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Breathing involves the movement of the ___________ and the ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Earthworms breathe through their skin."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ breathe through their skin."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Stomata with nearby cell is known as Stomata apparatus."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Stomata with nearby cell is known as___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Anaerobes can survive in the absence of oxygen."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Anaerobic respiration involves complete oxidation of glucose to  produce carbon dioxide and water."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The chest contracts during inhalation."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The air we breathe out (exhaled air) contains carbon dioxide and water."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The process of opening and closing of stomata is controlled by the  expansion and contraction of the guard cells."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["The basic difference between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration is that aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen where food (glu- cose) is broken down into carbon dioxide and water. As oppose to this, an- aerobic respiration takes place in the absence of oxygen."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["State the basic difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Carbon dioxide, water and energy are the end products of respiration."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Write down the end products of respiration."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["The breathing rate increases after physical activity to take in more oxygen as the requirment of it is more."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Why does the breathing rate increases after physical activity?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Respiration in Organisms","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Lunge are the organs of respiration in human beings. They are present the thorax (chest) and are protected by the rib cage. A dome-shaped muscle is present beneath the lungs."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Explain the structure of human lungs in three-four sentences."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option b"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["A blood vessel which carries blood back to the heart is :<br>\t a. Artery<br>\t b. Vein<br>\t c. Capillary<br>\t d. Platelet"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option a"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["In plants, water is transported through :<br>\t a. Xylem<br>\t b. Phloem<br>\t c. Stomata<br>\t d. Root hair"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option d"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Blood is pumped from the heart to the entire body by the :<br>\t a. Lungs<br>\t b. Nerves<br>\t c. Atria<br>\t d. Ventricles"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option c"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The phloem tissue in plants is responsible for the transport of :<br>\t a. Water<br>\t b. Water and minerals<br>\t c. Glucose<br>\t d. All of these"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["The organs that transport substances together form th ecirculatory system."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The organs that transport substances together form the ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Aorta carry blood from the heart to all parts of the body."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ carry blood from the heart to all parts of the body."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["The blood is pumped through the pulmonary artery to the lungs for reoxy- genation."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The blood is pumped through the ___________ to the lungs for reoxygenation."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Kidneys are the most important organ of the excretory sysstem in humans."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ are the most important organ of the excretory system in humans."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["The upward movement of water and minerals in plants is called ascent of sap."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The upward movement of water and minerals in plants is called ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Blood is the main medium for transport of materials in animals."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Blood group AB is called the universal donor."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The partition between the chamberes prevents mixing of the blood."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Gills and kidneys are the excretory organs of fish."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Transpiration keeps the plants hot."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Blood consists of a liquid part called plasma in which three types of cells float-red blood corpulscles (RBCs), white blood corpuscles (WBCs) and the blood platelets."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["State the various components of blood."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Pulse is the rhythmical movement of the arteries as blood is pumped through them by the beating of the heart. Pulse rate is number of pulse beats per minute. The pulse rate is teh same as the rate of heart beat, i.e., 70-72 per minute."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What is pulse and pulse rate?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Heartbeat is the regular contraction and relaxation. In an adult human be- ing, the heart umps out blood to the arteries about 70 times per minute."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Write a note on heart beat."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Transportation in Animals and Plants","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Not all the water absorbed by the plant is used up. The excess water is given out by the plants in the form of water vapour through the stomata present in the leaves. The process is called transpiration."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What do you mean by transpiration?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option c"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Which of the following is not a means of asexual reproduction?<br>\t a. Budding<br>\t b. Fission<br>\t c. Conjugation<br>\t d. Spore formation"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option a"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Pollination is :<br>\t a. Transfer of pollen grains from anthers to stigma<br>\t b. Transfer of pollen grains from anthers to stigma<br>\t c. Transfer of pollen grains<br>\t d. None of these "],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option c"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Which of the following reproduces by the method of fragmentation?<br>\t a. Potato<br>\t b. Bryophyllum<br>\t c. Spirogyra<br>\t d. Almonds"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Reproduction is the most important characteristic of living organisms."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ is the most important characteristic of living organisms."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Yeast can also be seen under a microscope."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Yeast can also be seen under a ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Ginger is a modified swollen underground stem called rhizome."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Ginger is a modified swollen underground stem called ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["In bryophyllum buds are present in the margins of leaves."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["In ___________ buds are present in the margins of leaves."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["The male reproductive part of the flower is the stamen."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The male reproductive part of the flower is the ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true of false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Plants exhibit only asexual mode of reproduction."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true of false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Fragmentation is a very common method of reproduction in yeast."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true of false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Grafting technique is very helpful in producing desired variety of plants and fruits."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true of false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Seedless plants can be obtained by vegetative propagation."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true of false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The fruit is formed after fertilization."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["The transfer of pollen grains from the anther of the stamen to the stigma of the pistil by air, water, insects, etc. is called pollination. Insects visit the flower and carry away pollens on thei bodies. Self pollination and cross pollination are the two types of pollination."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What is pollination? How does pollination occur? Name the two types of pollination."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Buds are formed in yeast is formed by the division of the nucleus of the par- ent body."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["How are buds formed in yeast?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["If a piece of bread is kept in a warm and moist place, mass of fine thread-like structures which are the hyphen grow from the spares after they have set- tled on it. At the tips of the hyphen, spores are formed."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["How does spore formation take place in bread moulds?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Vegetative propagation by stems takes place in a number of plants like po- tato, ginger, turmeric, sugarcane, onion, mint, strawberry, grasses, banana and gladiolus. Let us study the stem of a potato. Potato which you eat, is an underground swollen stem (tuber) in which stored food material is present if you observe. a potato, you will find scars called &#039;eyes&#039; on its surface. Vegetatitve buds are present in these eyes. Similarly, you can grow ginger. Ginger is also a modified swollen under- ground stem called rhizome containing stored food material."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Explain vegetative propagation by stems."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Reproduction in Plant","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Once a pollen grain has landed on the stigma of the same species it ger- minates. A sugary solution is secreted by the stigma that stimulatest the germination of the pollen tube from weak spots, on the ovule, the tip of the tube burts, releasing the male gamete. The male gamete fuses with the femael gamete to form zygote. This process is called fertilization."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Explain fertilization."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option d"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The instrument installed in a car for measuring the distance travelled by the car is called :<br>\t a. Barometer<br>\t b. Speedometer<br>\t c. Anemometer<br>\t d. Odometer"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option b"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Which of the following relations is correct?<br>\t a. Speed = time\/distance<br>\t b. Distance = speed \u00c3\u2014 time<br>\t c. Speed = distance\/time<br>\t d. Speed = distance \u00c3\u2014 time"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option b"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["If a car travels a distance of 75 km in 2 hours at uniform speed, its speed expressed in m\/s is :<br>\t a. 37.5<br>\t b. 10.4<br>\t c. 5.25<br>\t d. 18.5"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["The terms ___________ and ___________ are relative terms."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The terms ___________ and ___________ are relative terms."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Christian Hugens made the first pendulum clock in 1656."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ made the first pendulum clock in ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Winding clock and wrist watches are refinements of the pendulum clock."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["_________ and ___________ are refinements of the pendulum clocks."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Speedometer records the speed of the vehicle in km\/h."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Speedometer records the speed of the vehicle in ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["The gradient of the graph gives the speed of the object."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The ___________ of the graph gives the speed of the object."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["When you travel by a train, the person sitting next to you is in motion with respect to you."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Speed is the distance travelled by an object in unit time."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["A sand clock records accurate time."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["There are 60 minutes in one hour."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Representing data on graph paper has many advantages."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Average speed is the speed the we get after dividing the &#039;Distance travelled&#039; by &#039;Time taken&#039;. It gives us an idea how a vehicle run during a journey."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What is average speed?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Periodic motion is a motion which repeats itself after a fixed interval of time."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What is periodic motion?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Motion and Time","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["A simmmple pendulum consists of a small metallic ball (or a stone) called a bob suspended from a rigid stand by a thread."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What are the parts of a simple pendulum?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option a"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Connecting wires in domestic circuits consist of :<br>\t a. Copper<br>\t b. Brass<br>\t c. Either \u00e2\u20ac\u02dca\u00e2\u20ac\u2122 or \u00e2\u20ac\u02dcb\u00e2\u20ac\u2122<br>\t d. None of these"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option a"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Filament is made up of :<br>\t a. Tungsten<br>\t b. Aluminium<br>\t c. Copper<br>\t d. Tin"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option d"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Fuse wire is made up of :<br>\t a. Aluminium<br>\t b. Lead<br>\t c. Iron<br>\t d. Tin"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option b"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The magnetic effect of current was first observed by :<br>\t a. Faraday<br>\t b. H. C. Oersted<br>\t c. Ohm<br>\t d. Joule"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["We cannot of imagine life without electricity."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["We cannot imagine life without ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["We use some standard symbols to show the circuit diagrams."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["We use some standard ___________ to show the circuit diagrams."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Electricity cannot flow in an open circuit."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ cannot flow in an open circuit."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["The heating effect of correct has many practical applications."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The ___________ effect of convert has many practical applications."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["The movement of the ironcauses the hammer to hit the gong."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The movement of the iron causes the hammer to hit the ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The flow of current from the negative terminal to the positive terminal is known as a circuit."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["An electric bulb converts electrical energy into light and heat energy."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Electricity cannot flow through a closed circuit."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Iron is not used to make the core of an electromagnet."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["When the filament is broken, bulb is said to be fused."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Neutrons are positively charged."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["A conductor behaves like a magnent only when current flows through it."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Two lines, a longer and a shorter one, drawn vertically symbolise a wire."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Electric bell is based on the magnetic effect of current."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Electric current can&#039;t flow in an open circuit. Whereas in a closed circuit it can flow very easily."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Differentiate between open circuit and closed circuit."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["17117894922.png",""],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Draw a closed circuit diagram using symbols. Use battery as the source of current."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["A fuse works on the heating effect of current. The electric fuses are inserted in the main electrical circuits. There is maximum limit of the current that can safely flow through a circuit. When the current flowing exceeds this safe limit, the fuse melts quickly and break the circuit. Thus, an electric fuse is a device that limits the current in an electric circuit. It prevents damages to electrical circuits and possible fires."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Explain the principle on which an electric fuse works."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["The strength of the electromagnet depends upon: + The amount of electric current passing + The number of turns of a coil."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What are the factors on which the strength of an electromagnet depends?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Electric Current and Its Effects","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Miniature circuit breakers give better protection than fuses because they brak the circuit authomatically when the current flowing the circuit exceeds its limit for which MCB is connected."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Give reasons as to why miniature circuit breakers give better protection than fuses."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option b"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["A real image can be obtained with :<br>\t a. A plane mirror<br>\t b. A concave mirror<br>\t c. \u00e2\u20ac\u02dca\u00e2\u20ac\u2122 or \u00e2\u20ac\u02dcb\u00e2\u20ac\u2122<br>\t d. A convex mirror"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option d"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["A magnifying glass is a :<br>\t a. Concave mirror<br>\t b. Convex mirror<br>\t c. Concave lens<br>\t d. Convex lens"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option c"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["An image of the same size is obtained if the object is placed in from of a convex lens :<br>\t a. At infinity<br>\t b. At the focus<br>\t c. At twice the focal length<br>\t d. At helf the focal length"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option c"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Parallel rays of light, falling on a concave lens, appear to diverge from a point :<br>\t a. At infinity<br>\t b. At twice the focal length<br>\t c. At the focus<br>\t d. Between focus and the lens"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["We get diffused reflection from a rough surface."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["We get diffused reflection from a __________ surface."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["A smooth polished surface that can return the rays of light incident on t to form a clea image is called a mirror."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["A smooth polished surface that can return the rays of light incident on it to form a clear image is called a __________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Convex and concave mirrors can both form diminished images."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Convex and concave mirrors can both form __________ images."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["A leans is made of a transparent aterial."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["A lens is made of a __________ material."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Sun light consists of many colours."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["__________ light consists of many colours."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["A concave lens always forms a virtual image."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Plane mirrors are used for making periscopes."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"True and False","answer":["true"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The field of view of a convex mirror is much wider than that of a concave mirror."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"True and False","answer":["false"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Write true or false :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Convex lens is thicker at the edges."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["An image formed by plane mirror is: Erect Virtual, i.e., it cannot be obtained on a screen. Of the same size as that of the object. At the same distance from the mirror as the object is in front of it. The image appears to be formed behind the mirror."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What kind of image does a plane mirror produce?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["This interchange of sides from left to right and vice cersa between the object and its image is called lateral inversion."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What is lateral inversion?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["A real image can be obtained on a screen but a virutal image cannot be obtained on a screen."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What is the difference between real and virtual image?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Light","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["17117904302.png",""],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Mention two uses each of concave mirrors and convex mirrors."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Forests and Waste Management","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option b"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Which of the following best describes forests?<br>\t a. Natural resource<br>\t b. Renewable natural resource<br>\t c. Non-renewable natural resource<br>\t d. Renewable, exhaustible natural resource"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Forests and Waste Management","type":"Tick the correct option","answer":["option a"],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Select and tick (\u00e2\u0153\u201d) the correct answer :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["A mixture of orange peels, dried leaves bones, sawdust contains.<br>\t a. Biodegradable<br>\t b. Non-biodegradable waste only<br>\t c. Both of these<br>\t d. None of these"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Forests and Waste Management","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Forests are storehouses of biodiversity."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ are storehouse of biodiversity."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Forests and Waste Management","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Food chain involves transfer of energy."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["___________ involves transfer of energy."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Forests and Waste Management","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["The materials that can be recycled collected in blue bins."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["The materials that can be recycled collected in ___________."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Forests and Waste Management","type":"Fill in the blanks","answer":["Plastic and iron scrap are the examples of non-biodegradable wastes."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Fill in the blanks :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Plastic and iron scrap are the examples of ___________ wastes."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Forests and Waste Management","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Recycling involves collecting waste materials and processing them to make new products."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["What do you mean by recycling of waste?"],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Forests and Waste Management","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Plastic, paper, metals, glass and water."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["List five substances which can be recycled."],"image":""}},{"excel_id":"Penguin Science","class":"Class 7","subject":"Penguin Science","book":"Penguin Science-7","chapter":"Forests and Waste Management","type":"Short answer type questions","answer":["Forests are useful to us in th following ways; (a) Forest maintain temperature, humidity and regulate rainfall. (b) Forests are rich source of wood for fuel and timber nuts, fruits, seeds and medicnal plants. (c) Forests decrease the run off rate off rainwater and thus prevent soil er- sion. (d) Forests recycle water into the atmosphere which fall as rain to replenish the ground water. (e) Forests put a check on strong winds and reduce the occurrence of dust storms."],"difficulty":"E","outcome":"book","mark":"1","question":{"title":"Short answer questions :bsp;&nbsp;<i><i>","option":["Explain the importance of forests."],"image":""}},]